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The Greatest Literature of Greece

The Greatest Literature of Greece list is based on the same extensive research and surveys carried out over the past two decades for our Greatest Literature of All Time list, augmented by recent research specifically concerning Greek literature.

An odd feature of this list though is that it spans two widely differentiated historical and cultural epochs—ancient and modern Greece—with precious little in-between. Even the two geographical areas referred to by the word "Greece" are much different. What we call the ancient Greek world encompassed a wide swath of eastern Mediterranean civilization, including regions we no longer consider part of the country known today as Greece.

Nonetheless there is enough continuity between the peoples of old and new Greece to make a common listing of greatest works worthwhile.

The focus of this list is major creative works—such as novels, novellas, plays and collections—although a few significant shorter works and nonfiction may also be considered.

The list is expected to grow and change as our appreciation of older Greek works continues to evolve and and new Greek literature continues to develop. Check back for updates.

Latest update: July 23, 2023

The 77 greatest works of Greek literature

In chronological order

c.750 BCE
Greece
long poem
Critique   • Quotes   • Text   • Translations   • Buy the book
 
Greece
long poem
Critique   • Quotes   • Translations   • Buy the book
c.700 BCE
Greece
long poem
 
Greece
long poem
c.610–580 BCE
Sappho's Poems
Sappho
Greece
poetry collection
c.600-550 BCE
Aesop's Fables
Aesop
Greece
story collection
520–440 BCE
Epinician Odes
Pindar
Greece
poetry collection
c.504–501 BCE
Fragments
Heraclitus
Greece
poetry collection
c.475 BCE
Olympian
Pindar
Greece
poetry collection
472 BCE
The Persianse
Aeschylus
Greece
play
467 BCE
Seven Against Thebes
Aeschylus
Greece
play
c.462 BCE
The Suppliant Maidens
Aeschylus
Greece
play
458 BCE
The Oresteia
Aeschylus
Greece
play series
c.450–425 BCE
Prometheus Bound
Aeschylus
Greece
play
 
The Women of Trachis
Sophocles
Greece
play
442–441 BCE
Sophocles
Greece
play
Critique   • Quotes   • Text   • Buy the book
 
Ajax
Sophocles
Greece
play
438 BCE
Alcestis
Euripides
Greece
play
431 BCE
Medea
Euripides
Greece
play
c.430 BCE
Children of Heracles
Euripides
Greece
play
 
Sophocles
Greece
play
Critique   • Quotes   • Text   • Buy the book
c.428 BCE
Andromache
Euripides
Greece
play
 
Hippolytus
Euripides
Greece
play
c.427 BCE
Hecuba
Euripides
Greece
play
425 BCE
The Acharnians
Aristophanes
Greece
play
424 BCE
The Knights
Aristophanes
Greece
play
423 BCE
The Clouds
Aristophanes
Greece
play
 
The Suppliants
Euripides
Greece
play
422 BCE
The Wasps
Aristophanes
Greece
play
c.420–410 BCE
Electra
Sophocles
Greece
play
418 BCE
Electra
Euripides
Greece
play
c.416 BCE
Herakles
Euripides
Greece
play
415 BCE
The Trojan Women
Euripides
Greece
play
414 BCE
The Birdse
Aristophanes
Greece
play
414–412 BCE
Ion
Euripides
Greece
play
412 BCE
Helen
Euripides
Greece
play
411 BCE
Lysistrata
Aristophanes
Greece
play
 
Women at the Thesmophoria
Aristophanes
Greece
play
409 BCE
Philoctetes
Sophocles
Greece
play
406 BCE
Bacchae
Euripides
Greece
play
c.405 BCE
Cyclops
Euripides
Greece
play
405 BCE
The Frogs
Aristophanes
Greece
play
401 BCE
Oedipus at Colonus
Sophocles
Greece
play
c.385–370 BCE
The Symposium
Plato
Greece
nonfiction
c.380 BCE
Plato
Greece
dialogue
 
Meno
Plato
Greece
nonfiction
c.0370 BCE
Cyropaedia
Xenophon
Greece
biography
 
Anabasis
Xenophon
Greece
nonfiction
317–316 BCE
Dyskolos
Menander
Greece
play
c.270–240 BCE
Aetia
Callimachus
Greece
long poem
c.270 BCE
Epigrams
Asclepiades of Samos
Greece
poetry collection
 
Idylls
Theocritus
Greece
poetry collection
c.250 BCE
Voyage of the Argonauts
Apollonius of Rhodes
Greece
long poem
c.50
Callirhoe
Chariton
Greece
novel
c.100
Parallel Lives
Plutarch
Greece
biography
c.150
Daphnis and Chloe
Longus
Greece
novel
c.500
Hero and Leander
Musaeus Grammaticus
Greece
long poem
c.800
Digenes Akritas
Anonymous
Greece
long poem
c.1600
Erotokritos
Vikentios Kornaros
Greece
Long Poem
1866
The Papess Joanne
Emmanuel Roidis
Greece
novel
1935
Poems
Constantine Cavafy
Greece
poetry collection
 
Mythistorema
George Seferis
Greece
poetry collection
1938
The Odyssey, a Modern Sequel
Nikos Kazantzakis
Greece
long poem
1946
Zorba the Greek
Nikos Kazantzakis
Greece
novel
1955
The Last Temptation of Christ
Nikos Kazantzákis
Greece
novel
1959
To Axion Esti
Odysseas Kazantzákis
Greece
long poem
1962
The Third Wedding
Costas Taktsis
Greece
novel
1967
Z
Vassilis Vassilikos
Greece
novel
1970
Fool's Gold
Maro Douka
Greece
novel
1989
The Life of Ismail Ferik Pasha
Rhea Galanaki
Greece
novel
1990
The Daughter
Pavlos Matesis
Greece
novel
1991
Astradeni
Eugenia Fakinou
Greece
novel
1992
Uncle Petros and Goldbach's Conjecture
Apostolos Doxiadis
Greece
novel
1995
The Late-Night News
Petros Markaris
Greece
novel
2009
Z213: Exit
Dimitris Lyacos
Greece
novella
2013
God Is My Witness
Makis Tsitas
Greece
novel
2014
Victory
Christos Chomenidis
Greece
novel

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